.wgfrwikibooks_CommonCssVersion:after{content:"20130723003"}body.mediawiki .only_mobile{display:none}.newbooks-0{display:none}table{background:None}.link-wikipedia{background:url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Wikipedia-logo-14px.png) no-repeat center left !important;padding-left:17px !important}#mw-subcategories,#mw-pages{clear:both}pre{border:solid 1px #dddddd;background-color:#f6f6f6}code{background-color:transparent}.gadget-new:before{content:"Nouveau ! ";color:red;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic}.gadget-ext{background:url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs+9AAAAVklEQVR4Xn3PgQkAMQhDUXfqTu7kTtkpd5RA8AInfArtQ2iRXFWT2QedAfttj2FsPIOE1eCOlEuoWWjgzYaB/IkeGOrxXhqB+uA9Bfcm0lAZuh+YIeAD+cAqSz4kCMUAAAAASUVORK5CYII=) no-repeat scroll right center transparent;padding-right:13px}.gadget-big{background:url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAAKCAYAAAC0VX7mAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAACQSURBVDhPlZIBDoAgCEWpK3UnPVOdKc9UfeZ3jLn5c3PaBx4E2jNZVu6ZLGm7iWurza4mOMe0Zy/sb4WMA8sIhEgQTm7otMU77Q75/EcxEBgQgUyUtVh9LgAc72GVmrPuHzgOPMux9hY8wHEgeBmKqWJD5w/gxDdtMQd0r2s2ZenB9WFwBqPnanB+DXGykfECNY3C1VRyg0AAAAAASUVORK5CYII=) no-repeat scroll right center transparent;padding-right:23px}.catlinks-allhidden{display:block}#t-upload{display:none }.cite_crochet{display:none }.lettrine:first-letter{margin-right:0.1em;float:left;font-size:4em;font-weight:bold}ol.references > li:target{background-color:#DDEEFF}.mw-plusminus-pos{color:darkgreen}.mw-plusminus-neg{color:darkred}.mw-plusminus-null{color:grey}.exposant{vertical-align:text-top}.references-small{font-size:90%}#file img{background:url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Checker-16x16.png) repeat}.allpagesredirect a,.watchlistredir a{color:green}.portailLienEdition,.SmallRightLink,.SmallRightText{display:block;font-size:x-small;text-align:right;clear:both}.page-Accueil .firstHeading{display:none}.geo-default{display:inline }.geo-nondefault{display:none }.geo-dms{display:inline }.geo-dec{display:inline }.geo-multi-punct{display:none }.longitude .latitude{white-space:nowrap }.geo{}.list-upper-roman li{list-style-type:upper-roman}.list-lower-roman li{list-style-type:lower-roman}.list-upper-latin li{list-style-type:upper-latin}.list-lower-latin li{list-style-type:lower-latin}.list-upper-roman2 li li{list-style-type:upper-roman}.list-lower-roman2 li li{list-style-type:lower-roman}.list-upper-latin2 li li{list-style-type:upper-latin}.list-lower-latin2 li li{list-style-type:lower-latin}.list-upper-roman3 li li li{list-style-type:upper-roman}.list-lower-roman3 li li li{list-style-type:lower-roman}.list-upper-latin3 li li li{list-style-type:upper-latin}.list-lower-latin3 li li li{list-style-type:lower-latin}table.wikitable{margin:1em 1em 1em 0;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px #aaaaaa solid;border-collapse:collapse}table.wikitable th,table.wikitable td{border:1px #aaaaaa solid;padding:0.2em}table.wikitable th{background:#f2f2f2;text-align:center}table.wikitable caption{margin-left:inherit;margin-right:inherit}table.charttable{margin:0;background:#ffffff;border:1px #999999 solid;border-collapse:collapse}table.charttable th,table.wikitable td{padding:0.2em}table.charttable th{background:#f2f2f2;text-align:center}table.charttable caption{margin-left:inherit;margin-right:inherit}div.mw-lag-warn-normal,div.mw-lag-warn-high{text-align:left ! important;width:50% ! important}.mw-alerte{width:100%;clear:both;background-color:antiquewhite;border:2px solid darkorange}.mw-toolbox{font-size:90%;background-color:#F8F8F8;border:1px solid #B8B8B8;padding:0.25em 1em 0.25em 1em;clear:both}.mw-greybox{border:1px solid #ccd2d9;background-color:#f0f6fa;padding:0.25em 1em 0.25em 1em;clear:both}#entete_accueil{width:80%;margin:0 auto;font-size:115%;line-height:1.3em;font-weight:bold;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center}#browsebar{margin-top:-3px;margin-bottom:0.5em;font-variant:small-caps;text-align:center;font-size:102%}#browsebar ul,#browsebar li,#browsebar p{display:inline }#browsebar ul{margin-left:0}#browsebar ul li:after{content:"\A0– " }#browsebar ul li:after{content:"" }.noeditsection span.editsection{display:none}#top-navigation{position:absolute;right:1.15em;top:3.0em}.ns-1 dd,.ns-3 dd,.ns-5 dd,.ns-7 dd,.ns-9 dd,.ns-11 dd,.ns-13 dd,.ns-15 dd,.colorationindentative dd{margin:0;padding:0}.ns-1 dl,.ns-3 dl,.ns-5 dl,.ns-7 dl,.ns-9 dl,.ns-11 dl,.ns-13 dl,.ns-15 dl,.colorationindentative dl{border-top:solid 1px lightgrey;border-left:solid 1px lightgrey;padding-top:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-left:1em}div.BoxenVerschmelzen,div.NavFrame{margin:0px;padding:2px;border:1px solid #aaaaaa;text-align:center;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:95%}div.BoxenVerschmelzen div.NavFrame{border-style:none;border-style:hidden}div.NavFrame + div.NavFrame{border-top-style:none;border-top-style:hidden}div.NavPic{background-color:#ffffff;margin:0px;padding:2px;float:left}div.NavFrame div.NavHead{height:1.6em;font-weight:bold;font-size:100%;background-color:#efefef;position:relative}div.NavFrame p{font-size:100%}div.NavFrame div.NavContent{font-size:100%}div.NavFrame div.NavContent p{font-size:100%}div.NavEnd{margin:0px;padding:0px;line-height:1px;clear:both}.NavToggle{position:absolute;top:0px;right:3px;font-weight:normal;font-size:smaller}#sommaire_droite,#sommaire_haut,#sommaire_bas{border:1px solid #aaaaaa;background-color:#f9f9f9;padding:5px;font-size:95%}#sommaire_droite{width:200px;float:right}#sommaire_prog{width:200px;float:right;background:white;border:3px blue solid;border-style:inset;margin:0;margin-left:1em;border-spacing:0}#sommaire_prog th,#sommaire_prog td{padding:2px}#sommaire_prog a,#sommaire_prog p{background:none}#sommaire_prog h3,* #sommaire_prog h2{font-size:small;margin:0;padding:0;border:none;text-align:center;background:#E0E0F0;font-weight:bold}#sommaire .editsection{display:none }#sommaire ol{margin:0.3em 0 0 2em}#sommaire_prog ol{font-size:smaller}.linelist ol{margin-left:0em ;counter-reset:item }.linelist ol li{display:inline ;white-space:normal }.linelist ol li:after{content:" · " }.linelist ol li:after{content:"" }.linelist ol li a:before{content:counter(item) ".\A0";counter-increment:item }.linelist ol li .selflink:before{content:counter(item) ".\A0";counter-increment:item }.numbersonly ol li a .hideable{display:none}.numbersonly ol li a:before{content:counter(item);counter-increment:item }.numbersonly ol li .selflink .hideable{display:none}.numbersonly ol li .selflink:before{content:counter(item);counter-increment:item }.headergris{background:url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Bookbar2.png) right;background-repeat:no-repeat;margin:0;background-color:#F0F0F0;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3b0bf;text-align:left;color:#000000;padding:0.2em 0.4em}.headerbleu{background:url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Bookbar1.png) right;background-repeat:no-repeat;margin:0;background-color:#F0F0F0;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3b0bf;text-align:left;color:#000000;padding:0.2em 0.4em}.headergris span.editsection,.headerbleu span.editsection,.headergris a.NavToggle,.headerbleu a.NavToggle{margin-right:100px}@media print{.firstHeading,.editlink,.noprint,.metadata,.dablink,#top-navigation,#contentSub,.toc,.bookInfobox,.catlinks,#privacy,#about,#disclaimer{display:none !important}a{margin:auto 1px}}.bandeau{border:#cccccc solid 1px;margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:5px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;border-left:solid 10px;padding:0px;width:70%;border-left-color:#aaaaaa}.bandeautitre{font-weight:bold;margin:0;padding:2px 10px 0px 25px;background-color:inherit}.etiquette{border:#cccccc solid 1px;background-color:inherit;clear:right;float:right;border-left:solid 10px;padding:5px;width:250px;border-left-color:#aaaaaa}.bandeauvert,.etiquettevert{border-left-color:#228b22}.bandeauvert .bandeautitre{background-color:#eeffee}.bandeaurouge,.etiquetterouge{border-left-color:#c22222}.bandeaurouge .bandeautitre{background-color:#ffeeee}.bandeauorange,.etiquetteorange{border-left-color:#ffaa00}.bandeauorange .bandeautitre{background-color:#ffefc6}.bandeauviolet,.etiquetteviolet{border-left-color:#9932cc}.bandeauviolet .bandeautitre{background-color:#f5d9ff}.bandeaubleu,.etiquettebleu{border-left-color:#1e90ff}.bandeaubleu .bandeautitre{background-color:#ccecff}.bandeaujaune,.etiquettejaune{border-left-color:#fbe80f}.bandeaujaune .bandeautitre{background-color:#ffffdd}.bandeaupetit{width:50%}.bandeaumoyen{width:60%}.bandeaugrand{width:90%}@media print{pre{font-size:100%}}.source-cpp .me2,.source-cpp .me1{color:#0099CC !important}.source-pascal .kw1{color:#0066CC !important}.source-pascal .br0{color:#00bb00 !important}.source-pascal .ln-xtra{color:#996600 !important}.source-java .de1{color:#0000ff !important;font-weight:normal !important}.source-java .kw1,.source-java .kw2,.source-java .kw3,.source-java .kw4,.source-java .br0,.source-java .sy0,.source-java .nu0,.source-java .coMULTI,.source-java .co1,.source-java .co2,.source-java .co3{font-weight:normal !important}.source-java .kw1{font-weight:bold !important;color:#990066 !important}.source-java .kw2{color:#993333 !important}.source-java .kw3{color:#000000 !important}.source-java .kw4{color:#990066 !important}.source-java .coMULTI,.source-java .co1{color:#008000 !important;font-style:italic !important}.source-java .co3{color:#008080 !important;font-style:normal !important}.source-java .st0,.source-java .nu0{color:#993333 !important}.source-java .br0{font-weight:bold !important;color:#000000 !important}.source-java .me1{color:#000000 !important}.source-java .co2{color:#555555 !important}.source-java .sy0{color:#000000 !important}.source-java5 .de1{color:#0000ff !important;font-weight:normal !important}.source-java5 .kw1,.source-java5 .kw2,.source-java5 .kw3,.source-java5 .kw4,.source-java5 .br0,.source-java5 .sy0,.source-java5 .nu0,.source-java5 .coMULTI,.source-java5 .co1,.source-java5 .co2,.source-java5 .co3{font-weight:normal !important}.source-java5 .kw1{font-weight:bold !important;color:#990066 !important}.source-java5 .kw2{color:#993333 !important}.source-java5 .kw3{color:#000000 !important}.source-java5 .kw4{color:#990066 !important}.source-java5 .coMULTI,.source-java5 .co1{color:#008000 !important;font-style:italic !important}.source-java5 .co3{color:#008080 !important;font-style:normal !important}.source-java5 .st0,.source-java5 .nu0{color:#993333 !important}.source-java5 .br0{font-weight:bold !important;color:#000000 !important}.source-java5 .me1{color:#000000 !important}.source-java5 .co2{color:#555555 !important}.source-java5 .sy0{color:#000000 !important}.source-bash .kw1{color:#003399 !important}.mbBouton{background-color:#ddddff;border:0.15em solid #000000;border-color:#eaeaff #c4c4ff #9f9fff #eaeaff;-moz-border-radius:.5em .5em 0em 0em;border-radius:.5em .5em 0em 0em;cursor:pointer;display:inline;margin-right:0.1em;padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 0.3em;position:relative}.mbBouton a,.mbBouton strong{background:none !important;color:#8080ff !important;font-size:90%;font-weight:bold;padding:0 !important;text-decoration:none !important}.mbBouton a:hover,.mbBouton strong:hover{color:black !important;text-decoration:underline !important}.mbBoutonSel{background-color:#9f9fff;border:0.15em solid #000000;border-color:#c4c4ff #8080ff #9f9fff #c4c4ff;-moz-border-radius:.5em .5em 0em 0em;border-radius:.5em .5em 0em 0em;cursor:default;display:inline;margin-right:0.1em;padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 0.3em;position:relative;color:white}.mbBoutonSel a{background:none !important;color:white !important;cursor:default;font-size:90%;font-weight:bold;padding:0 !important;text-decoration:none !important}.mbContenu{background-color:#f8f8ff;border:0.2em solid #9f9fff;border-color:#9f9fff #8080ff #8080ff #9f9fff ;-moz-border-radius:0em .5em .5em 0em;border-radius:0em .5em .5em 0em;padding:1em;position:static}.mbOnglet{background-color:#f8f8ff;border-color:#8080ff #c4c4ff #c4c4ff #8080ff;width:100%}.mbLilas .mbBouton{background-color:#d0b0ff;border-color:#f0d0ff #b090e0 #9070c0 #f0d0ff}.mbLilas .mbBouton a,.mbLilas .mbBouton strong{color:#8080ff !important;font-size:90%}.mbLilas .mbBouton a:hover,.mbLilas .mbBouton strong:hover{color:black !important;text-decoration:underline}.mbLilas .mbBoutonSel{background-color:#9070c0;border-color:#b090e0 #7050a0 #9070c0 #b090e0}.mbLilas .mbContenu{background-color:#f5fffa;border-color:#9070c0 #7050a0 #7050a0 #9070c0 }.mbLilas .mbOnglet{background-color:#f5fffa;border-color:#7050a0 #b090e0 #b090e0 #7050a0}.mbVert .mbBouton{background-color:#a5e085;border-color:#c0f090 #90d060 #75c045 #c0f090}.mbVert .mbBouton a,.mbVert .mbBouton strong{color:#60b030 !important;font-size:90%}.mbVert .mbBouton a:hover,.mbVert .mbBouton strong:hover{color:black !important;text-decoration:underline}.mbVert .mbBoutonSel{background-color:#75c045;border-color:#90d060 #60b030 #75c045 #90d060}.mbVert .mbContenu{background-color:#f5fffa;border-color:#75c045 #60b030 #60b030 #75c045 }.mbVert .mbOnglet{background-color:#f5fffa;border-color:#60b030 #90d060 #90d060 #60b030}.mbBleu .mbBouton{background-color:#a7c1e6;border-color:#c8d6e9 #88abde #5b8dd6 #c8d6e9}.mbBleu .mbBouton a,.mbBleu .mbBouton strong{color:#3379de !important;font-size:90%}.mbBleu .mbBouton a:hover .mbBleu .mbBouton strong:hover{color:black !important;text-decoration:underline}.mbBleu .mbBoutonSel{background-color:#5b8dd6;border-color:#88abde #3379de #5b8dd6 #88abde}.mbBleu .mbContenu{background-color:#f0f8ff;border-color:#5b8dd6 #3379de #3379de #5b8dd6}.mbBleu .mbOnglet{background-color:#f0f8ff;border-color:#3379de #88abde #88abde #3379de}.mbOrange .mbBouton{background-color:#ffbd7f;border-color:#ffd0a4 #ffac5d #ff9d42 #ffd0a4}.mbOrange .mbBouton a,.mbOrange .mbBouton strong{color:#ff820e !important;font-size:90%}.mbOrange .mbBouton a:hover .mbOrange .mbBouton strong:hover{color:black !important;text-decoration:underline}.mbOrange .mbBoutonSel{background-color:#ff9d42;border-color:#ffac5d #ff820e #ff9d42 #ffac5d}.mbOrange .mbContenu{background-color:#ffeedd;border-color:#ff9d42 #ff820e #ff820e #ff9d42}.mbOrange .mbOnglet{background-color:#ffeedd;border-color:#ff820e #ffac5d #ffac5d #ff820e}.mbGris .mbBouton{background-color:#b9b9b9;border-color:#cfcfcf #9f9f9f #868686 #cfcfcf}.mbGris .mbBouton a,.mbGris .mbBouton strong{color:#666666 !important;font-size:90%}.mbGris .mbBouton a:hover .mbGris .mbBouton strong:hover{color:black !important;text-decoration:underline}.mbGris .mbBoutonSel{background-color:#868686;border-color:#9f9f9f #666666 #868686 #9f9f9f}.mbGris .mbContenu{background-color:#fffce8;border-color:#868686 #666666 #666666 #868686}.mbGris .mbOnglet{background-color:#fffce8;border-color:#666666 #9f9f9f #9f9f9f #666666}.mbJaune .mbBouton{background-color:#ffe16a;border-color:#ffeeaa #ffd52b #eabb00 #ffeeaa}.mbJaune .mbBouton a,.mbJaune .mbBouton strong{color:#aa8800!important;font-size:90%}.mbJaune .mbBouton a:hover .mbJaune .mbBouton strong:hover{color:black !important;text-decoration:underline}.mbJaune .mbBoutonSel{background-color:#eabb00;border-color:#ffd52b #aa8800 #eabb00 #ffd52b}.mbJaune .mbContenu{background-color:#fffce8;border-color:#eabb00 #aa8800 #aa8800 #eabb00}.mbJaune .mbOnglet{background-color:#fffce8;border-color:#aa8800 #ffd52b #ffd52b #aa8800}.mbRouge .mbBouton{background-color:#ff9b6a;border-color:#ffc6aa #ff6215 #ca4200 #ffc6aa}.mbRouge .mbBouton a,.mbRouge .mbBouton strong{color:#993300!important;font-size:90%}.mbRouge .mbBouton a:hover .mbRouge .mbBouton strong:hover{color:black !important;text-decoration:underline}.mbRouge .mbBoutonSel{background-color:#ca4200;border-color:#ff6215 #993300 #ca4200 #ff6215}.mbRouge .mbContenu{background-color:#fffce8;border-color:#ca4200 #993300 #993300 #ca4200}.mbRouge .mbOnglet{background-color:#fffce8;border-color:#993300 #ff6215 #ff6215 #993300}.skin-monobook .hlist dl,.skin-modern .hlist dl,.skin-vector .hlist dl{line-height:1.5em}.hlist dl,.hlist ol,.hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.hlist dd,.hlist dt,.hlist li{margin:0;display:inline;white-space:nowrap}.hlist dl dl,.hlist dl ol,.hlist dl ul,.hlist ol dl,.hlist ol ol,.hlist ol ul,.hlist ul dl,.hlist ul ol,.hlist ul ul{display:inline;white-space:normal}.hlist dt:after{content:":"}.hlist dd:after,.hlist li:after{content:" ·";font-weight:bold}.hlist dd:last-child:after,.hlist dt:last-child:after,.hlist li:last-child:after{content:none}.hlist dd.hlist-last-child:after,.hlist dt.hlist-last-child:after,.hlist li.hlist-last-child:after{content:none}.hlist dd dd:first-child:before,.hlist dd dt:first-child:before,.hlist dd li:first-child:before,.hlist dt dd:first-child:before,.hlist dt dt:first-child:before,.hlist dt li:first-child:before,.hlist li dd:first-child:before,.hlist li dt:first-child:before,.hlist li li:first-child:before{content:"(";font-weight:normal}.hlist dd dd:last-child:after,.hlist dd dt:last-child:after,.hlist dd li:last-child:after,.hlist dt dd:last-child:after,.hlist dt dt:last-child:after,.hlist dt li:last-child:after,.hlist li dd:last-child:after,.hlist li dt:last-child:after,.hlist li li:last-child:after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.hlist dd dd.hlist-last-child:after,.hlist dd dt.hlist-last-child:after,.hlist dd li.hlist-last-child:after,.hlist dt dd.hlist-last-child:after,.hlist dt dt.hlist-last-child:after,.hlist dt li.hlist-last-child:after,.hlist li dd.hlist-last-child:after,.hlist li dt.hlist-last-child:after,.hlist li li.hlist-last-child:after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.hlist.hnum ol{counter-reset:list-item}.hlist.hnum ol > li{counter-increment:list-item}.hlist.hnum ol > li:before{content:counter(list-item) " "}.hlist.hnum dd ol > li:first-child:before,.hlist.hnum dt ol > li:first-child:before,.hlist.hnum li ol > li:first-child:before{content:"(" counter(list-item) " "}.remarque:before{content:"Remarque :";font-weight:bold}.remarque{margin:2ex auto 2ex 2em}@media print{.bandeau{display:none}.icone_de_titre{display:none !important}.NavContent{display:block !important}.NavToggle{display:none !important}.catlinks{display:none}#footer{border:none}.printfooter{margin-top:3.5em}#footer li{list-style-type:none;padding-left:0}#footer ul{padding-left:0}.toc{border:none !important}.toc li{list-style-type:none}ul{padding-left:0.8em}.toc{page-break-inside :avoid}.content p{orphans:4;widows:4}h2,h3,h4,h5{page-break-after:avoid}h2:first-child,h3:first-child,h4:first-child,h5:first-child{page-break-before:avoid}#contentSub{display:none}.printcss{display:block !important}table.printcss{display:table !important}}
/* cache key: frwikibooks:resourceloader:filter:minify-css:7:817cbe03da765ff65804566838ae5dee */